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Home --> Grading Schema (main page) --> Neuroendocrine Tumors |
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Neuroendocrine Tumors
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Grading of Gastrointestinal Nuroendocrine Tumor
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Grade |
Tumor Cell Proliferation Index |
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G1 (Low) |
less than 3 per 10 high power fields (<3 / 10 hpf) |
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G2 (Intermediate) |
3 to 20 per 10 high power fields (3 - 20 / 10 hpf) |
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G3 (High) |
greater than 20 per 10 high power fields (>20 / hpf) |
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* |
50 hpf should be counted. |
* Segregating G2 and G3 becomes difficult when the proliferation index at their borderline. In addition, there seems to be a trend to report the actual index number (or count) rather just the grade. Without automated analytical tool, the following math approximation makes it possible to accomplish the task with reasonable degree of accuracy:
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Example |
Math Explained |
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If n is the number of nucleus on the diameter of a perfect cycle O, the N number of nucleus contained in O cannot exceed n square minus twelve: N= n2 -12 when n <4. N is not bigger than 7,.When n >4 N' formula is a good approximation. This method requires even distribution of the positive cells. Thus, is best used for high positive scenarios such as lymphoma. Example: Observation: 16 positive nuclei on diameter line 27 total cells on diameter line diameter (=717) Calculation: Positive cells in entire field = (16 x 16) -12 = 244 Total cells number in entire field = (27 x 27) - 12 = 717 % of positive cells = Positive cells / Total cells = 244 / 717 = 34.03% |
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